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directly electrochemical conversion of nitrate (no3−) is an efficient and environmentally friendly technology for ammonia (nh3) production but is challenged by highly selective electrocatalysts. high-entropy alloys (heas) with unique properties are attractive materials in catalysis, particularly for multi-step reactions. herein, we first reported the application of hea (feconialti) for electrocatalytic

low efficacy of immunotherapy due to the poor immunogenicity of most tumors and their insufficient infiltration by immune cells highlights the importance of inducing immunogenic cell death and activating immune system for achieving better treatment outcomes. herein, ferroelectric bi2cuo4 nanoparticles (nps) with rich copper vacancies (named bco-vcu) were rationally designed and engineered for ferroelectricity

traditional lithium-ion battery (lib) anodes, whether intercalation-type like graphite or alloying-type like silicon, which employ a single lithium storage mechanism, are often limited by modest capacity or substantial volume changes. here, we introduce the kesterite multi-metal dichalcogenide (cztsse) as an anode material that harnesses a conversion-alloying hybrid lithium storage mechanism. results

for preparing next-generation sulfide all-solid-state batteries (assbs), the solvent-free manufacturing process have huge potential for the advantages of economic, thick electrode, and avoidance of organic solvents. however, the dominating solvent-free process is based on the fibrillation of polytetrafluoroethylene, suffering from poor mechanical property and electrochemical instability. herein, a

the performance of lithium metal batteries is severely hampered by uncontrollable dendrite growth and volume change within the anode. this work tackles these obstacles by introducing a novel strategy: applying an isotropic and internal grain-boundary-free layer, specifically, a metal-organic framework (mof) glass layer with nano-porosity onto the electrochemical plated lithium metal anode. both ab

calcium-ion batteries (cibs) have emerged as a promising alternative for electrochemical energy storage. the lack of high-performance cathode materials severely limits the development of cibs. vanadium oxides are particularly attractive as cathode materials for cibs, and pre-insertion chemistry is often used to improve their calcium storage performance. however, the room temperature cycling lifespan

film formation kinetics significantly impact the molecular processability and power conversion efficiency (pce) of organic solar cells (oscs). in this article, we report two kinds of ternary random copolymerization polymers, d18-n-p and d18-n-m, to modulate the aggregation ability of the conventional polymer donor d18 by introducing trifluoromethyl substituted pyridine unit at para- and meta-position

metabolic acidosis-induced kidney injury (maki) is asymptomatic and lack of clinical biomarkers in early stage, but rapidly progresses to severe renal fibrosis and ultimately results in end-stage kidney failure. therefore, developing rapid and noninvasive strategies direct responsive to renal tubular acidic microenvironment rather than delayed biomarkers are essential for timely renoprotective interventions

the urgency to mitigate environmental impacts from anthropogenic co2 emissions has propelled extensive research efforts on co2 reduction. the current work reports a novel approach involving transforming co2 and ethane into carbon nanotubes (cnts) using earth-abundant metals (fe, co, ni) at 750 °c. this route facilitates long-term carbon storage via generating high-value cnts and produces valuable syngas

suffering from the susceptibility to decomposition, the potential electrochemical application of feocl has greatly been hindered. the rational design of the soft-hard material interface can effectively address the challenge of stress concentration and thus decomposition that may occur in the electrodes during charging and discharging. herein, interlayer structure manipulation of feocl/mxene using soft-hard

aqueous zinc-metal batteries are prospective energy storge devices due to their intrinsically high safety and cost effectiveness. yet, uneven deposition of zinc ions in electrochemical reduction and side reactions at the anode interface significantly hinder their development and application. here, we propose a solvation-interface attenuation strategy enabled by a frustrated tertiary amine amphiphilic

constructing artificial solid electrolyte interface on the zn anode surface is recognized as an appealing method to inhibit zinc dendrites and side reactions, whereas the current techniques are complex and time-consuming. here, a robust and zincophilic zinc tungstate (znwo4) layer has been in situ constructed on the zn anode surface (denoted as zwo@zn) by an ultrafast chemical solution reaction. comprehensive

sulfurous acid (h2so3) is known to be thermodynamically instable decomposing into so2 and h2o. all attempts to detect this elusive acid in solution failed up to now. reported h2so3 formation from an experiment carried out in a mass spectrometer as well as results from theoretical calculations, however, indicated a possible kinetic stability in the gas phase. here, it is shown experimentally that h2so3

natural membrane receptors are proteins that can report on changes in the concentration of external chemical messengers. messenger binding to a receptor produces conformational changes that are relayed through the membrane into the cell; this information allows cells to adapt to changes in their environment. artificial membrane receptors (r)-1 and (s)-1 are helical α-aminoisobutyric acid (aib) foldamers

one challenge confronting the cu2o catalysts in the electrocatalysis of carbon dioxide reduction reaction (co2rr) is the reduction of active cu(i) species, resulting in low selectivity and quick deactivation. in this study, we for the first time introduce a bottom-up growth of convex sphere with adjustable cu(0)/cu(i) interfaces (cux@cu2o convex spheres). interestingly, the interfaces are dynamically

circularly polarized luminescence (cpl)-active materials are increasingly recognized for their potential applications such as 3d imaging, data storage, and optoelectronic devices. typically, cpl materials have required high-energy (he) photons for excitation to emit low-energy (le) circularly polarized light, a process known as downshifting cpl (dscpl). however, the emergence of upconverted cpl (uccpl)

highly ordered assembly of two-dimensional (2d) nanoplatelets plays a key role in enhancing the mechanical properties of layered nanocomposites. layer-by-layer (lbl) assembly, vacuum-assisted filtration, and blade coating have been used to fabricate layered nanocomposites. however, the intrinsic wrinkles of 2d nanoplatelets and defects derived from assembling approaches make it difficult to align 2d

obtaining information about cellular interactions is fundamental to the elucidation of physiological and pathological processes. proximity labeling technologies have been widely used to report cellular interactions in situ; however, the reliance on addition of tag molecules typically restricts their application to regions where tags can readily diffuse, while the application in, for example, solid

while the possibilities seem as broad as our imaginations, putting microscopic self-assembly to practical use demands a consideration of the timescales needed. to take one example, the rate of assembly will determine the speed of computation that is possible from algorithmic self-assembly of dna ‘tiles’4. and the kinetics of self-assembly and disassembly of actin filaments are central to the speed

skull evolution to aid a predatory behaviour.

‘wigner crystals’ are an exotic form of quantum solid made of electrons — a phase of matter now observed directly for the first time.

nobel prizewinner whose insights into the foibles of human decision-making launched the field of behavioural economics and sent ripples through all social sciences.

oil-palm and rubber plantations have distinct combinations of soil- and canopy-dwelling organisms compared with rainforests.

recent advances in wearable and implantable biomedical devices have inspired the pursuit of seamless human-machine integration through bioelectronic interfaces (1). such biocompatible interfaces would allow the recording and processing of signals, such as brain and heart activities, in real time. although modern electronics rely on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor architectures to construct

wide-bandgap (wbg) formamidinium–cesium (fa-cs) hybrid lead iodide–bromide mixed perovskites (~1.7 ev) gain great attention with the potential of enabling highly efficient tandem photovoltaics when integrated with crystalline silicon and other low-bandgap solar cells. however, their power conversion efficiencies (pces) are still insufficient than that of containing methylammonium (ma) counterparts

the large work function difference between indium tin oxide (ito) and electron transporting layers (etls) in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells (pscs) usually causes a front contact energy barrier (φfc), which induces significant efficiency losses at contacts. here, we address this issue by developing a passivating contact structure with the atomic-layer-deposited aluminium oxide (al2o3) interlayer between

np(iv) lewis base adducts were prepared by ligand substitution of npcl4(dme)2. using acetonitrile and pyridine, npcl4(mecn)4 (1) and npcl4(pyr)4 (2), were isolated, respectively. addition of t-butylbipyridine and triphenylphosphine oxide generated the respective lewis base adducts, npcl4(tbubipy)2 (3) and npcl4(opph3)2 (4). all species were fully characterized using spectroscopic and structural analyses

collaboratively manipulating strategy of proper heat treatment and self-customized hydrofluoroether-based electrolyte design has been proposed for boosting sodium-ion storge kinetics of prussian white cathodes. improved cubic phase stability and electrolyte-cathode compatability are responsible for impressive discharge capacity of 148.4 mah g-1 and excellent electrode reversibility.

developing intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (it-sofc) is one of the most promising ways for achieving carbon neutrality, but its air-electrode is restricted by the conflict between the sluggish catalytic activity and durability. herein, a-site high-entropy perovskite composite la0.2ba0.2sr0.2ca0.2ce0.2-xcoo3-δ-xceo2 (lbsccc-ceo2) air-electrode material is fabricated via one step self-constructing